Macroeconomic Implications of Capital Inflows in India

The study attempts to analyse the behaviour of some macroeconomic variables in response to total capital inflows in India using quarterly data for the period 1994Q1-2007Q4. Time trend of all variables except nominal effective exchange rate-both export and trade based and current account balance shows instability over the period of study. Current account balance is the only variable which is stationary in level form all other variables are stationary in first difference form. Cointegration test confirms the long run equilibrium relation between total capital inflows (TCI) and real effective exchange rate-both trade based and export based and between TCI and nominal effective exchange rate-export based. Granger causality test confirms the bidirectional causality between real effective exchange rate-export based and TCI and between foreign exchange reserve & TCI and unidirectional causality from TCI to real effective exchange rate-trade based.International Capital Inflows, Time Series Econometrics

P208 Correlation between physician and patient disease assessments in ulcerative colitis: 2-year UK data from the ICONIC study

Background ICONIC is the largest prospective multi-country (n = 33) observational study assessing burden in adult ulcerative colitis (UC) patients under routine care. Both patient and physician assessments of disease severity, activity and life impact were captured 6 monthly up to 2 years. This local subanalysis evaluates baseline (BL) characteristics and the extent of agreement between patients and physicians in measures of disease activity in UK patients. Methods Adults with early UC (diagnosed ≤36 months) were enrolled irrespective of disease severity or treatment. Patient self-assessments include disease severity, Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self-Measure (PRISM, a tool assessing perception of disease-associated suffering; lower scores indicate greater disease burden), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Short inflammatory bowel disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) and patient-modified Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index (P-SCCAI). Physician assessments include clinical parameters, PRISM, SCCAI. Correlation between PRISM and SIBDQ, PHQ-9 and SCCAI were evaluated by Spearman correlation. BL characteristics are based on observed data. Results BL characteristics of 63 UK patients in ICONIC are shown in Table 1. From BL to 2-years, patient/physician PRISM was moderately/strongly correlated with SIBDQ, PHQ-9, P-SCCAI or SCCAI (Table 2). For 62 patients with self and physician assessments, the level of agreement on disease severity at BL (concordant pairs) was: mild 66.7%, moderate 27.8%, severe 45.5%, in remission 50.0%. The mean ± SD P-SCCAI and physician SCCAI values at 2 years were 2.6 ± 2.6 and 1.5 ± 1.5, respectively; the measures were strongly correlated (Table 2). For patient/physician PRISM assessments at 2 years, scores were 5.2 ± 2.6 and 5.2 ± 2.1, respectively, and were moderately/strongly correlated (Table 2). graphic graphic Conclusion Results from this subanalysis of ICONIC demonstrate persistently high UC disease burden over 2-years, despite treatment. EIMs were common and therefore awareness of potential EIM impact is essential. PRISM, used for the first time in UC, was moderately correlated with disease-specific measures (SIBDQ/SCCAI) and a general depression assessment (PHQ-9). Alignment between patients and physicians on disease activity/severity varied according to the instrument used but was greatest for SCCAI.This article is freely available via Open Access. Click on the Publisher URL to access it via the publisher's site.published version, accepted version (12 month embargo), submitted versio

Human Rights Violations In Jammu And Kashmir And Post Abrogation of Article 370

Kashmir has been a peaceful locus to live in ancient times. Every individual was living peacefully with one another and there was a religious diversity. All religious communities were living in peaceful ways with cultural unity and prosperity. However circumstances changed after the liberation of India. Some historical decisions changed whole scenario and status quo of Kashmir which resulted in humongous deployment of Indian troops in Kashmir, birth of terrorism and widespread gross human rights violations. The state of Jammu and Kashmir remains a constant headache for both India and Pakistan. Lack of constant efforts in resolving political differences and snatching the basic human rights had led the people of Kashmir in segregation, fear and uncertainty. Hence, in this research study I shall be highlighting atrocities, misuse of authority, onerous and brutal laws, post 1987 political turmoil, insurgency after 90s, exodus of Kashmiri Pundits, gross human rights infringement, post article 370 abrogation and old historical errors done by government of India. I shall be highlighting the real injustice done to people of Kashmir, failure of the judiciary to protect the fundamental rights of its people, widespread abuse of power and violation of international and territorial law. In this research study, documented and archival methods, field works, perceptions of inhabitant victims of my valley especially residents of my place, personal and collective experiences of conflict regions and qualitative methods of research

A network analysis based proteomic and transcriptomic investigation into HIV-Tat induced neuronal dysfunction and the neuroprotective effect of lithium

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) affect up to 70% of HIV positive individuals and are the leading cause of dementia in patients under 40 years. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms involved in the onset of HAND are not well understood. Among a number of plausible etiological agents of HAND, HIV-Tat has been shown to be neurotoxic in vitro and in vivo, but the basis of its induced neuronal dysregulation remains relatively poorly characterised, giving rise to various competing theories. This thesis describes differential, quantitative proteomic analyses of HIV-Tat-treated neuronal cells in vitro, the goal being to gain deeper insight into the underlying molecular basis of this HIV-Tat-mediated dysregulation, as well as to potentially inform better patient treatments in the future. To achieve this goal, deep, quantitative proteomic analysis of HIV-Tat treated SILAC-labelled SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells was carried out, alongside transcriptomic analysis of the same system in which 3077 proteins were identified and quantified with 407 proteins and 1074 genes being differentially expressed. Subsequently, label-free proteomics analysis was used to study the ability of lithium - a proposed new treatment for HAND - to suppress the HIV-Tat induced dysregulated molecular phenotype in SH-SY5Y cells in which 3757 were identified and quantified with 360 and 531 being significantly differentially expressed in HIV-Tat and HIV-Tat + lithium treated cells, respectively